Memorial Day, originally known as Decoration Day, began after the Civil War as a way to honor Union soldiers who had died in battle. The Civil War, which claimed more American lives than any other conflict, led to the creation of national cemeteries and a widespread need to commemorate the fallen. One of the earliest recorded Memorial Day observances occurred in 1865 in Charleston, South Carolina, organized by formerly enslaved people to honor Union soldiers.
The first official Decoration Day was proclaimed on May 30, 1868, by General John A. Logan, leader of a veterans’ organization. The date was chosen because it wasn’t the anniversary of a specific battle. That year, flowers were placed on the graves of both Union and Confederate soldiers at Arlington National Cemetery.
Over time, Decoration Day evolved to honor all American military personnel who died in service, especially after World War I. In 1971, Memorial Day was declared a federal holiday and moved to the last Monday in May to create a three-day weekend.
Today, while Memorial Day marks the unofficial start of summer, it also remains a solemn day of remembrance for the men and women who gave their lives in service to the United States.